Dugald drtjmmond



(No Model.)

D. DRU-MMOND. A

APPARATUS FOR EXPRESSING sAP OR- JUICE FROM CANE, &c. No. 533,871.Patented Feb. 12, 1895.

NITED STATES PATENT- OFFICE.

DUGALD DRUMMOND, OFGLASGOW, SCOTLAND.

APPARATUS FOR EXPRESSING SAP OR JUICE FRQ'M CANE, 80C.

SPECIFICATION. forming part of Letters Patent No. 533,8:71, datedFebruary 12, 1895. Application 'filed September 25, 1894. Serial No.524,084. on model.) Patented in France May 11, 1894,11'0. 238,482, andin To all whom it'may concern).-

Be it known that 'I, DnoAL-D DRUMMOND, engineer, asubject of the Queenof Great Britain and'Ireland, residing at 186 Bath Street, Glasgow,inthe county of Lanark, Scotland, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Apparatus for Expressing Sap or Juice from Fibrous Oanesand other Mate rials, (which have been'patented in France by for.itsobject by combining in such apparatus the use of steam or aeriform fluidunder pressure and hydraulic power to effectthe purpose more speedilyand with a minimum expenditure of energy. I

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation ofthe apparatus constituting my invention. Fig. 2 is an elevation of thesame at right angles to Fig. 1,

and Fig. 3 is a sectional plan of the same.

As shown by the drawings the improved apparatus comprises a crushingcylinder or Vessel A'whereinto the cane or the material to be subjectedto pressure is placed and which has also serves to carry supportingcolumns B for two cylinders C and D placedtandemwise and Vertically overthe crushing cylinder A. The piston or ram of the upper cylinder D isactuated by steam, air, gas or other fluid under pressure and that C ofthe second or lower cylinder is operated by hydraulic pressure. The rod(1 of the upper piston is carried through the ram or piston O of thelower cylinder and terminates in a piston head E which enters the upperopen end of the crushing cylinder A and serves to pack the cane or othermaterial in the latter, the piston head E being rapidly raised andlowered if required during the feeding of the cane into the. crushingcylinder A. When this vessel is fully Belgium May 11, 1894,N0-109,925. I

charged the ram 0' of the second cylinder 0 which acts more slowly isputinto motion and such pressure isapplied as will fully express the sapor juice from the cane within the crushing vessel A, the sap or juiceexpressed being permittedto escape by perforations or I orifices c atthe bottom end of the vessel from which it is conveyed to filling tanksas hereinafter described.

In the bottom ofv the crushing vessel A is a piston F attached to theupper end of a piston rod or plunger F in a cylinder F fittedunderneath, the plunger F in said cylinder pistons E and F, their lowerends terminating in a jacket or common vessel H communicating with asuction pump or pumps 1 by means of which the juice or sap whenexpressed from the cane is at once drawn off, its absorptionby themegass on the removal of the pressure being thus prevented. Theseperforated pipes G may be slightly tapered or made of smaller diametertoward their upper ends in order to obviate or reduce friction inejecting the megass. The megass is discharged from the top of the pistonF at the mouth of the cylinder A by a piston head J operated by ahorizontal cylinder K or by other means;

The cane or fiber is reduced or scutched into short pieces at an angleto insure the sap flowing freely from the cells and being easily andspeedily packed by the packing piston E becarried off. When the water orvaporhas been so introduced into the fiber the steam actuated pistonhead E is put into operation and by its reciprocation heats up the massafter the fashion of a dolly so that the added vapor extracts theremaining sap and thereafter the hydraulic piston or plunger is broughtdown to act on the head E and drive out the last remnant of saccharinematter from the fiber, this diluted juice being drawn off either bygravity or by the suction pumps into a separate tank.

The crushing cylinder A may-be charged through chutes lying at such anangle that the fibrous material will by its own gravity fall into thecylinder automatically and so save labor and insure speedy manipulation,or it may be raised and delivered by means of elevators. Y

Having now described the invention, what I desire to claim and secure byLetters Patout is i 1. In combination the pressing cylinder A, thebeater head E, means fortoperating the same and the ram with operatingmeans therefor said ram being arranged to contact directly with thebeater head to force the same forward, substantially as described.

2. In combination, the cylinder A, the perforated pipes G extendingthrough the same, the beaterhead, the suction pipe leading from theperforated pipes and the discharge plunger perforated to move over theperforated pipes.

3. In combination the cylinderA, the beater head with means foroperating the same and the ram in the form of a cylinder open at one endwhich end is adapted to contact with the beater head after the same hasperformed its beating action and form therewith a closed cylinder andmeans for operating the ram, substantially as described.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal the 12th day ofSeptember, 1894.

DUGALD DRUMMOND. [L. s.]

Witnesses:

' WALLACE FAIRWEATHER, C. E., Chartered Patent Agent, 62 St. VincentStreet, Glasgow.

J NO. ARMSTRONG, Jn, Clerk, 62 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow.

